Outgoing UN chief makes final climate push at New York summit

Outgoing UN chief Antonio Guterres on Wednesday hailed the "unstoppable" rise of renewable energy and urged countries to develop firm plans to quit fossil fuels in his final climate meeting at the world organization's New York headquarters.

Speaking a day after denouncing "Big Oil" for treating the atmosphere like an "open sewer," the 77-year-old secretary-general used his opening speech to sound a note of hope.

"Renewables are the cheapest, fastest and most secure source of new electricity almost everywhere," he said. "Clean energy has gone from alternative to unstoppable."

He called on countries to lift their emissions cutting targets and release concrete plans to quit fossil fuels -- a cause given a boost by Germany, Europe's biggest economy, which issued its roadmap hours before Guterres' swansong address as a summit convener.

Germany is the third country to do so, after France and the Netherlands.

"We are the first generation with the tools to end the fossil fuel age -- and the last who can avert climate catastrophe," Guterres concluded.

The former Portuguese prime minister made climate change a defining issue of his nine-year tenure that ends on December 31, and was hailed by Rachel Cleetus of the nonprofit Union of Concerned Scientists as "an extraordinary climate champion," for consistently elevating the voices of the most vulnerable.

The stakes are clearer than ever, as the impacts of climate change surge around the world -- from heat waves and wildfires in Europe to catastrophic flooding in Nepal and Tibet triggered by a glacier collapse.

Extreme weather events are set to worsen with a strengthening El Nino cycle that has already tied a record for intensity, months from its peak.

And the world is set to shoot past -- at least temporarily -- 1.5C of warming. Scientists say temperature increases above that level will bring on worse climate-linked catastrophes.

- Turkey tempers expectations -

Guterres's remarks at the "High-level Event on Climate Action and the Just Transition" were followed by Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

The two countries are co-hosting COP31 climate talks in Antalya in November in an unusual arrangement, with Australia running the talks but Turkey holding the event and rallying support for voluntary pledges.

"Action is not optional," said Albanese, touting the fact that during the height of the last Australian summer, half of the power for the grid came from renewables.

Yet his climate change and energy minister Chris Bowen is traveling to India and Saudi Arabia this week for talks on strengthening Australia's oil supplies.

Erdogan followed and appeared to temper expectations about the degree of ambition at COP31.

"Any proposal that fails to reconcile our climate objectives with social and economic realities will be doomed to fail," he said.

Britain's foreign minister Ed Miliband pledged an investment of 330 million pounds ($437 million) in the Global Environment Facility, a financial mechanism to support global goals for nature, climate and pollution.

"It's a little disappointing that there weren't more commitments and more announcements here," Cosima Cassel, of the climate change think tank E3G, told AFP, though she praised Germany's roadmap.

- Emissions cuts, financing, electrification -

Guterres asked leaders to accelerate the greening of their economies and mobilize climate financing for developing countries, and said life-saving early warning systems must extend to every person on Earth by 2027.

Momentum is also gathering for electrification: switching combustion-based systems, like in heating and vehicles, to electricity.

Turkey has advanced a "35x35" target to increase electricity's share of global energy consumption to 35 percent by 2035. However, it has not specified that the electricity should be generated by renewables, which is key to tackling climate change.

Shisir Khanal, the foreign minister of Nepal, where more than 1,400 have died and thousands more remain missing after a devastating August 26 flood -- said "such tragedies are not isolated events; they are symptoms of global crisis, a crisis Nepal did not create."

"At this point, we're asking for what we call climate justice," he said.